Bruce Goff and the 1927 building
Bruce Goff was 23 years old in 1927 and working as a draftsman in the Tulsa firm of Rush, Endacott & Rush when he was given the design responsibility for the Tulsa Club building. He was already known as an exceptional draftsman with original architectural ideas, and the Tulsa Club commission was his first major independent design assignment. He would later go on to study under Frank Lloyd Wright at Taliesin in Wisconsin, design buildings across the central United States, and end his career as chairman of the architecture school at the University of Oklahoma — but the Tulsa Club is one of the most fully-realized buildings of his early career.
Goff's design synthesized multiple influences: the Art Deco movement that was sweeping American commercial architecture in the mid-1920s, the Mayan and Aztec stylistic motifs popular in 1920s Hollywood movie palaces, and the Native American patterning that Goff would later more explicitly explore in his Oklahoma work. The result is a building that is unmistakably Art Deco but does not look like any other Art Deco building — the proportions are more vertical, the surface ornament is more dense, and the polychrome tile work is more elaborate than the contemporaneous Chrysler Building or any other major American Art Deco landmark.
The building's primary client was the Tulsa Club, a private men's social organization founded in 1903 by Tulsa's oil-boom business elite. The club commissioned the building specifically to be Tulsa's leading private social space and committed essentially unlimited budget to the construction. The original 1927 budget was approximately $1.5 million — about $25 million in today's dollars — for an 11-story tower with a basement bowling alley, ground-floor billiard hall, second-floor ballroom, dining rooms, library, members' lounges, and 60 small bedroom suites for traveling members.
